Education Center
Learn about cannabinoids, terpenes, product types, growing basics, and responsible use.
CBD (Cannabidiol)
A non-intoxicating cannabinoid found in cannabis and hemp, widely studied for potential anti-inflammatory, anti-anxiety, anti-seizure, and neuroprotective effects. Unlike THC, CBD does not produce a 'high.'
- Found in both hemp and cannabis plants; hemp-derived CBD (≤0.3% THC) is federally legal in the U.S.
- Commonly formulated as oils/tinctures, capsules, topicals, and gummies.
- The FDA approved Epidiolex (a CBD-based drug) for certain seizure disorders.
- May interact with other medications — consult your physician or pharmacist.
- Full-spectrum products include other cannabinoids and terpenes ('entourage effect'); isolates contain only CBD.
THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol)
The primary intoxicating cannabinoid, responsible for the 'high.' In Iowa's program, THC is the compound measured against your 90-day allotment.
- Binds to CB1 receptors in the brain and nervous system, producing euphoria, altered perception, and appetite stimulation.
- In Iowa, the default 90-day allotment is 4.5g of THC; a practitioner can certify more if medically necessary.
- Ohio tracks THC in concentrates/edibles separately from flower (up to 1,350g per 90-day cycle).
- Effects vary by dose, route (inhaled vs. ingested), and individual tolerance.
- Overconsumption can cause anxiety, rapid heart rate, and impaired coordination — start low and go slow.
CBG & CBN
Two minor cannabinoids gaining research attention. CBG is being studied for anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties; CBN is a mildly sedating degradation product of THC that may support sleep.
- CBG ('cannabigerol') is the 'mother cannabinoid' — a precursor from which THC, CBD, and others are synthesized in the plant.
- CBN ('cannabinol') forms as THC ages and oxidizes; associated with sedation in popular use, though evidence is limited.
- Both are typically present in small amounts and often sold as isolates or blends.
- Research is early-stage; consult your physician before relying on them for specific effects.
Terpenes
Aromatic oils that give cannabis (and many other plants) their scent. They may contribute to the 'entourage effect' alongside cannabinoids.
- Myrcene: earthy, musky; the most common cannabis terpene; associated with relaxation.
- Limonene: citrus; associated with elevated mood and stress relief.
- Pinene: pine; associated with alertness and memory retention.
- Linalool: floral (also in lavender); associated with calming and anti-anxiety effects.
- Caryophyllene: peppery; binds to CB2 receptors and is studied for anti-inflammatory effects.
- Terpene profiles vary by strain and can guide product selection.
Microdosing
Taking small, controlled amounts of cannabis to achieve therapeutic benefit while minimizing intoxication. Always follow your practitioner's guidance.
- A common starting dose is 1–2.5mg of THC; wait at least 2 hours (edibles) before taking more.
- Helps gauge individual sensitivity and tolerance.
- Often paired with a higher CBD:THC ratio to reduce intoxication.
- Track each dose and its effects to find your optimal amount.
- Especially useful for new patients and those sensitive to THC.
Growing Basics (Education Only)
General education on how cannabis is cultivated. Personal cultivation is NOT legal under the Iowa, Ohio, Minnesota, or Virginia medical programs — always check your state law.
- Light cycle: 18 hours of light for vegetative growth, 12 hours to trigger flowering.
- Soil pH 6.0–6.8 (hydroponics 5.5–6.5); monitor nutrients and avoid overfeeding.
- Humidity 40–60% in veg, lower in late flower to prevent mold and bud rot.
- Good airflow and spacing reduce pests and strengthen stems.
- Slow drying (7–14 days) followed by curing in jars improves smoothness and potency.
- Harvest when trichomes turn milky/amber for the desired effect.
Side Effects & Drug Interactions
Possible side effects include drowsiness, dry mouth, dizziness, and changes in appetite. Cannabis can interact with other medications — consult your physician and pharmacist.
- THC can impair short-term memory, reaction time, and coordination — do not drive after use.
- CBD may affect how your liver metabolizes certain drugs (CYP450 enzymes) — review all medications with your pharmacist.
- High doses of THC can trigger anxiety or paranoia, especially in new users.
- Long-term heavy use is linked to tolerance, dependence (cannabis use disorder), and respiratory irritation if smoked.
- Store products securely away from children and pets.
